Sand-pump



(No Modl.)

SSSSSSS PI y llllllll F I lllllllll lll lllllll l' u l UNITED STATES iPATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BRADEN, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

SAN D-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,663, dated April 7, 1891.

Application filed November 21, 1890. Serial No. 372,133. (No model.)

To LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BRADEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Franklin P. O., in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sand-Pumps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in what are known in the art of well-boring as sand-pumps or 'bailers. It has special reference to the construction and arrangement of the valve at the lower end of these pumps, the object being to provide a self-closing inwardly-opening valve, which when opened to discharge the contents will permit the free escape of sand, gravel, stones, pieces of rock, and other large obstructions along with the sand.

As heretofore constructed the lower end of the pump has generally been provided with an annular valve-seat around its inner wall, and in connection therewith a ball or hemispherical gravitating-valve has been arranged to rise and fall in the pump-barrel. This form of valve has been found in practice to have the objectionable feature of not permitting the free discharge of settled sand or gravel nor of stones and other obstructions, which are constantly falling into the open top of the barrel. This is owing to the fact that in order to work successfully the diameter of the valve must be so great as to leave only a narrow annular space between its outer edge and the inner wall of the tube, so that no matter how wide the valve may be opened, frequently the borings, sand, and gravel, as

also rocks, stones, and other obstructions, can

not pass the ball so as to be discharged out through the valve-opening beneath. I overcome this objection by the construction and arrangement hereinafter described A and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure lis a side elevation of my improved pump or bailer. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the valve detached, and Fig. .4 is a cross-section taken just above the valve.

In the drawings, A denotes the pump barrel or tube, made, as usual, several feet in length, and of a diameter suitable to the bore of the well wherein it is to be used. This tube is generally left open at the top; but I prefer to construct it with a closed end, as shown, though it is by no means essential, my improved yvalve being adapted to work with either form. As aconvenient means for closing this upper end, the stopperBscrewed into the open mouth is a cheap and convenient expedient, though a cap fitting over the end would probably answer as well. When the upper end of the barrel is closed, it is necessary to form openings, as C, in the sides near the end to permit the escape of air as the sand and water rushes in at the lower end.

Upon or to the lower end of the barrel is firmly secured the hollow cap D, forming the seat for the valve E and guiding and controlling the valve in its movements up and down. This cap may be screwed onto the end of the barrel, as shown, so as to be readily removed for repairs or replaced by a new one, or it may be riveted or otherwise permanently fastened thereto. Oneside and a portion of the end of this cap is cutaway, as represented at d in the drawings, and the opening thus formed constitutes a segmental valve-orifice .for the discharge of the contents. The valve E is peculiarly constructed toco-operate with this valve seat and opening. As shown in the several views, it is formed with the main body portion e, having a curved outer surface closely fitting the bore of the barrel when the valve is shoved up into the tube and completely closing the valve-opening when allowed to fall. The inner face'of the valve is fiat, as shown at e. The body portion of this valve is in fact a segment or a longitudinal section of a solid cylinder whose diameter is only sufiiciently less than the internal diameter of the pump-barrel to allow it to work freely therein. At its upper end the valve is provided with a thin-cross-head d', standing transversely across the valve and playing up and down in the tube above the valve-opening, so as to guide the valve proper in its movements, the cross-head being of a length equal to the diameter of the tube.. The uncut-away portion of the bottom of the cap D is slotted, as shown at o, and in this IOO slot plays the stem s of the valve. The stem 3; is preferably provided with a foot'jwhichl also abuts against the bottom of the" cap and acts as a stop to prevent the valve passing too far up into the barrel when the end of' the pump is struck on the ground to open the valve. As shown in Fig. 2, the valve is? made large enough to overlap the edges of` the cut in the cap D, so as to form a tight joint. P denotes a piston-head of ordinary con-` struction, and P the rod by which it is op erated, the latter being guided by yoke-piecel F, formed on the stopper B or cap. The operation of the pump is very simple and will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. Particular attention .be-i ing directed to the `valve and vits actiQnaii will be noted that when the bailer is With-I drawn from the Well and itsend ,'droppedlor;` tapped :lightly on the ground :toopen the valve, as is commonly done where `this lss of valves is used, the valve passes 4upinto` the barrel in practically the same Mayas; others of its class. Owing to `the `peculiar shape, construction, and arrangement of jthe; Valve, however, a much `larger .opening iis` provided for the discharge ofthe contents of the pump than in any otherpump now inuse. Upon reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings, it1 will be seen that the body ofthe valve occu; pies less than one-hz lf of the internal diurneter of thepump-barrel. It ywillthnsabe.seen that whereas in theold form of valves onlyl a very narrow annular .space .was provided for the escape of the borings,.sand,orgraYeL; and also of stones, pieces of roek,.san d,gravel,; and other obstruct-ions, in this inventien @an space equal to or exceeding theradins 4Ofdher tube is afforded. Y The length-ot' the valve-opening maycfl course be varied within wide 1i1nits,;aud inA this way su icient Weight maybe ohtainefvto: insure against its premature openiDg-beforeg it reachesthe bottom of the well. fIts iminfl ,k also, that the valve works better, is 4Innrepcsitive in itsactiornand cheaper.toconstnuctk` than any of theold forms. g I do not intend to be restricted'tothe. exact? form or proportions of the-parts shown in the; drawings, as it is obvious they may-be changed; without departing from the .spirit and scepe of my invention. i Although I have `shown and described yal pump-barrel as cylindrical andhave claimed the valve and its opening `as :segmentahdl wish it distinctly understood thatxthepump, barrel may be of any other crossfseetionandi` that when a pump-barrel ofanyotherfthan ai, cylindrical cross-section is used `thevalveand` the valve-opening `will .be vcorrespondinglyj changed.

I hold my invention to cover any form of pump-barrel andany form of valve and valveopening used in connection therewith so long as the valve and its opening are longitudinal sections or segments of the barrel.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,zis f 1. In a sand-pump, the combination of a .segmental valve-opening in the side at the f lower end of the barrel and an interiorly-ar ranged sliding segmental valve adapted to tit into the barrel and open and close said openinfr.

In asandfpump,the combination of the barrel, a segmental valve-opening in the side at the lower endof thebarrel, anda segmental gravitating valvearran ged toV slide within the barrel to ,open and .close .the opening, Said ,Valve having a `stem projecting beyond the end-pf the tube.

3. Infasandypum-p, the combination of the barret@ segmental.valve-Ornineintb side 4at .the1lower;end .of the barrel, a segmental sravitatingvalve arranged-t0 Slide Within the barrel, `a stem for thevalveproj ectingtubeyond lthe end of the barrel, and a stop toprevent the passage of .thevalvetoo far up intolthe 4,barre/l.

4. :In 1a sand7pump,lthe combination of the barrel, asegmental-velve-Qpening in Athe side at ,the loweren'd of .the barrel, `a .segmental v gravitating valve arranged to slidewithin the barrel, aA stemfor-tbe.valveprojecting beyond Ythe -endof the lbarrel, and a guide for `the valve .within .the barrel.

5. `Ina Salld:pu-mp,thecombination ofthe lbarrel A, the capgD on its lower endthe segmental valve-opening d inthe Cep, the Sesy,mental gravitatin g valve E, arranged to slide .within the barrelfthe stem is, playing in a notehinftheend of` the een. the cross-head d', ,workingginthe barrel, andthe Yfoot f on the pend `of the swim-.substantially as described.

6. 'Lhfmbination, to form asand-pump.

kof.the-barrel A, closed at the-topbytheplng B,:h,avi.ngthe yQkeF, the openiugs-the can Den A.the A:loweryend of the barrel, the pump ;P:-P,.thefsegmental yalve-openingdin the -Gapth Seiglllental Agravitatingvalve E, ar- Lranged.mande withintbe barretthe Stem S, splayingfin,anotch in theendfof the cap, the orossghead d', workinglin,thebarrel, and the footf on the end of lthe stem, substantially Aasglescribed.

.In `testimony whereof I y aixi my signature gin. presence oftwo witnesses.

D. GRIMM, GEO. S. CRISWELL.

IOC

IIS 

